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Vaccination Programs: Reducing Client Out-of-Pocket Costs

CDC

An Evidence-Based Practice

Description

Reducing out-of-pocket costs to clients involves program and policy changes that make vaccinations or the administration of vaccinations more affordable. Changes could include paying for vaccinations or administration, providing new or expanded insurance coverage, or lowering or eliminating patient out-of-pocket expenses at the point-of-service (e.g., copayments, coinsurances, and deductibles).

Impact

The Community Preventive Services Task Force (CPSTF) recommends interventions that reduce client out-of-pocket costs used alone or combined with additional interventions to increase vaccination rates among people of all ages in a range of settings and populations. This includes interventions for individual clinical settings, statewide programs, or national efforts.

Results / Accomplishments

The systematic review included 20 studies.

Overall, vaccination rates increased by a median of 22 percentage points (11 studies).
-Reducing client out-of-pocket costs alone increased vaccination rates by 28 percentage points (6 studies).
-Reducing client out-of-pocket costs in combination with additional interventions increased vaccination rates by 20 percentage points (5 studies).

All of the studies that did not provide a common measure of change for vaccination rates reported favorable results (9 studies).

About this Promising Practice

Primary Contact
The Community Guide
1600 Clifton Rd, NE
MS H21-8
Atlanta, GA 30329
(404) 498-1827
communityguide@cdc.gov
https://www.thecommunityguide.org/
Topics
Health / Immunizations & Infectious Diseases
For more details
https://www.thecommunityguide.org/findings/vaccina...

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An Evidence-Based Practice meets the following HCI criteria:

  1. The program description includes at a minimum: the sponsoring organization, program goals, program implementation steps, and outcomes that have demonstrated program success in achieving the program goal in one or more localities.
  2. The results from an evaluation of the program include quantitative measures showing improvement in the outcome(s) of interest after the implementation of the program (i.e. increase in smoking cessation, not just the delivery of a smoking cessation program). The outcome measure(s) is/are compared at relevant time periods before and after the intervention or program implementation. Alternatively, the evaluation study compares the outcome(s) between an intervention group and an appropriate control group.
  3. The study is of peer-review quality and presents numbers in a scientific manner; measurements of precision and reliability are included (e.g. confidence intervals, standard errors), results from statistical tests show a significant difference or change in the outcome measure(s), and relevant point estimates and p-values are presented. Note: if the results from an evaluation of a program are presented in a scientific manner and the outcome measure is improved compared to the baseline measurement or the control group but the difference is not statistically significant, the practice is classified as effective and not evidence-based.